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Vol. 21. Issue 1.
Pages 14-20 (January 2010)
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Vol. 21. Issue 1.
Pages 14-20 (January 2010)
Influencia de los cambios de presión atmosférica y otras variables meteorológicas en la incidencia de la hemorragia subaracnoidea
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E. Baño-Ruiz
Corresponding author
ebano@neurocirugia.com

Correspondencia postal: Servicio de Neurocirugia. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. C/ Pintor Baeza s/n, 03010 Alicante.
, J. Abarca-Olivas, J.M. Duart-Clemente, C. Botella-Asunción
Servicios de Neurocirugía, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante
F. Ballenilla-Marco*, P. García**
* Servicios de Neurorradiología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante
** Servicios de Neurocirugía, Medicina Preventiva, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante
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Resumen

La hemorragia subaracnoidea espontánea es una patología que habitualmente se relaciona con factores de riesgo, tales como la hipertensión arterial y/o el tabaquismo. Sin embargo, existen otras variables, como los cambios meteorológicos, que aunque la experiencia apunta como posibles responsables de un aumento de la incidencia, todavía no están establecidas como tales.

Objetivo

Investigar la influencia de los cambios meteorológicos, ya sean variaciones estacionales o cambios de presión atmosférica, en la incidencia de la hemorragia subaracnoidea.

Método

Se consideran todos los casos de hemorragia subaracnoidea espontánea desde el 1 de enero de 1997 al 31 de marzo de 2008, realizando un registro de aspectos demográficos (edad, sexo) y antecedentes médicos (hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, patología cerebrovascular, tabaquismo), así como de las cifras de presión atmosférica (en hectopascales, hPa), temperatura y humedad relativa diarias, a lo largo de dicho periodo, con un cálculo de los valores máximo, medio y mínimo, así como de las diferencias de presión entre días consecutivos.

Resultados

El análisis de los 173 casos recogidos mostró un predominio de la hemorragia subaracnoidea en el sexo femenino, especialmente la de origen aneurismático, siendo la hipertensión arterial, el principal factor de riesgo relacionado. No se demostraron diferencias significativas entre los días con y sin hemorragia, en relación a la variación de presión atmosférica (p 0.463), temperatura (p 0.381), humedad relativa (p 0.595) a lo largo del día.

Conclusión

En nuestro medio las variaciones de presión atmosférica no se relacionan con un aumento de la incidencia de la hemorragia subaracnoidea, produciéndose ésta con cambios de apenas 1,7 (1–3) hPa en el día, sin que se observe una clara tendencia estacional.

Palabras clave:
Hemorragia subaracnoidea
Presión atmosférica
Temperatura
Humedad
Summary

Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage is a pathology usually related to risk factors, such as arterial hypertension and/or nicotine poisoning. Nevertheless, other variables exist, like meteorological changes, that although the experience aims as possible responsible for an increase of the incidence, are still not established like such.

Objetive

It is to investigate the influence of the meteorological changes, either seasonal variations or changes of atmospheric pressure, in the incidence of the subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Method

All the cases of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage are considered from the 1th of January from 1997 to the 31th of March of 2008, making a medical registry of demographic aspects (age, sex) and antecedents (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebral ischemia, nicotine poisoning), as well as numbers of atmospheric pressure (in hectopascales, hPa), daily temperature and relative humidity, throughout this period, with a calculation of the maximum, average and minimum values, as well as pressure differentials between consecutive days.

Results

The analysis of the 173 gathered cases showed a predominance of the subarachnoid hemorrhage in female, specially the aneurismal ones, being arterial hypertension, the main factor of related risk. Significant differences between the days with and without hemorrhage were not demonstrated, in relation to the variation of atmospheric pressure (p 0,463), pressure temperature (p 0,381) and relative humidity (p 0,595) throughout the day.

Conclusion

In our element, the variations of atmospheric pressure are not related to an increase of incidence of the subarachnoid hemorrhage. Instead of this, cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage take place with changes of hardly 1.7 (1–3) hPa in the day, without observing a clear seasonal tendency.

Key words:
Subarachnoid
Atmospheric
Pressure
Temperature
Humidity

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