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Vol. 12. Issue 5.
Pages 419-428 (January 2001)
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Vol. 12. Issue 5.
Pages 419-428 (January 2001)
Análisis y evaluación de la calidad en la cirugía de la hernia discal lumbar I. Metodología
Quality analysis and evaluation of lumbar discectomy procedure. I. Methodology
R. Alday-Anzola, R. Diez-Lobato
Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid
P. Ruiz-López*,
, P. Iglesias-Casarrubios*, J. de la Cruz-Bértolo**
* Unidad de Calidad. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid
** Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid
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Resumen

Para el análisis de la calidad en la cirugía de la hernia discal lumbar se ha desarrollado un método orientado a la valoración de las dimensiones de la calidad más relevantes: calidad científico-técnica (CCT), efectividad clínica (EC), calidad de vida (CV), satisfacción del paciente (SP) y costes económicos.

La CCT, referida a valoración de la asistencia prestada según los conocimientos médicos y tecnológicos disponibles, se realizó según el cumplimiento de criterios y estándares explícitos en la documentación clínica (método PEP: Performance Evaluation Procedure). La EC, o beneficio de salud, se midió según la puntuación lograda en el cuestionario específico de Spangfort. La CVfue analizada, utilizando el cuestionario SF-12 modificado (Short-Form-12), que recoge aspectos de dolor, actividad familiar, social y laboral y estado psicológico. La SP fue medida utilizando un cuestionario diseñado definiendo previamente los pacientes y profesionales los atributos del consumo. Asimismo, se contempló la ponderación que los pacientes y profesionales realizaron en cada uno de los bloques de estudio (asistencia, información, trato y hostelería). Para el cálculo de costes se ha propuesto tres sistemas diferentes: 1. Sistema de Contabilidad analítica (ABC-ABM); 2. Costes por pesos de GRDs (Grupos Relacionados con el Diagnóstico) y 3. Costes definidos a partir de las tarifas para consultas y hospitalización establecidas por el INSALUD.

Palabras clave:
Hernia discal lumbar
Cirugía
Calidad
Costes
Discectomía
Summary

Amethod for the analysis of the quality of the lumbar disc surgery was developed. The method assesses the important quality parameters such as scientific and technical quality (STQ), functional grades, quality of life, patients satisfaction and economic costs.

The STQ related to the measurement of the care according to the available medical and technological knowledge was determined according to the performance of explicit criteria and standards in the clinic documentation (PEP method: Performance Evaluation Procedure). To measure the functional grade, a modification of Spanfort's criteria was used. To assess the quality of life a modification of 12-item Short Form health survey was applied. This form includes aspects like pain, social interaction, family characteristics, employment and psychological status.

A questionnaire was used to measure satisfaction. The form was prevously designed taking into account the patients and professionals criteria. In every stage care given, information issued, management and hosting, the patients and professionals opinions was considered and weighted. To calculate the cost three different systems were proposed i.e., Analytic economic management system (ABC-ABM), Weight related costs of DRGs (Diagnostic Related Groups) and Costs computed from price listing for consulting and hospitalization establis-hed by INSALUD.

Key words:
Lumbar disc surgery
Quality-of-care
Economic cost
Audit
Discectomy

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