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Vol. 16. Issue 2.
Pages 108-116 (January 2005)
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Vol. 16. Issue 2.
Pages 108-116 (January 2005)
Variabilidad en las indicaciones quirúrgicas de las lesiones intradurales postraumáticas
Variability in the surgical indications for posttraumatic intradural lesions
F. Arikan
, J. Sahuquillo, J. Ibáñez, J. Vilalta, M.A. Poca, E. Rubio
Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario Valí d’ Hebron, Barcelona
M. Riveiro*, M.P. Mena**, A. Gamacho*
* Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Traumatología, Hospital Universitario Valí d’ Hebron, Barcelona
** Unidad de Neurotraumatología, Hospital Universitario Valí d’ Hebron, Barcelona
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Resumen
Introducción

El tratamiento de las lesiones focales intradurales continúa siendo motivo de controversia. Esto es especialmente importante en la decisión de evacuar contusiones cerebrales. Presentamos los resultados de un estudio prospectivo y observacional, cuyo objetivo ha sido analizar la variabilidad en las indicaciones quirúrgicas de lesiones focales intradurales postraumáticas en un servicio de neurocirugía perteneciente a un hospital universitario, dotado de una unidad especializada en neurotraumatología.

Material y métodos

Entre el 1 de mayo y el 31 de diciembre de 2001, se incluyeron 32 pacientes con un traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) cerrado, con lesiones focales intradurales. Estos pacientes constituyen la aportación que nuestro centro realizó en el estudio multicéntrico y observacional sobre el manejo de lesiones intradurales dirigido por el European Brain Injury Consortium (EBIC).

Resultados

Las lesiones intradurales de volumen > 25 cc. se evacuaron de forma inmediata al diagnóstico. Nueve de los 13 pacientes con lesiones < 25 cc. fueron intervenidos de forma diferida debido a la aparición de un deterioro neurológico o al diagnóstico de una hipertensión intracraneal (HIC). Después de la evacuación, la TC de control mostró en todos los casos una clara mejoría en los signos radiológicos de efecto de masa o en el desplazamiento de la línea media.

Conclusiones

A pesar que el reducido número de casos incluidos no nos permiten generalizar las conclusiones, en nuestro centro no se evidencia una variabilidad significativa en las indicaciones quirúrgicas de lesiones > 25 cc. Sin embargo, existen discrepancias en las indicaciones quirúrgicas de las lesiones con volumen < 25 cc. Los resultados definitivos del estudio del EBIC permitirán conocer mejor la variabilidad existente en el manejo de este tipo de pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Traumatismo craneoencefálico
Lesiones intradurales postraumáticas
Hematomas postrau-máticos
Indicaciones quirúrgicas
Variabilidad quirúrgica
Abreviaturas:
EBIC
GOSE
HIC
PIC
PPC
TCDB
TCE
Abstract
Introduction

The surgical treatment of focal intradural lesions is still a matter of considerable debate. This is especially important in the decisión to evacúate brain contusions. We present the results of a prospective observational study in which the main goal was to analyze intracenter variability in the indication for surgery in focal posttraumatic intradural lesions in a department of Neurosurgery of a University Hospital with a specialized neurotrauma unit.

Clinical material and methods

Between May 1 and December 31, 2001, 32 patients with a closed trau-matic brain injury and an intradural posttraumatic focal lesión were included. The patients studied were a subgroup included in the European multicenter observational study of the management of intradural lesions conducted under the aegis of the European Brain Injury Consortium (EBIC).

Results

Intradural lesions > 25cc were immediately evacuated. Nine out of thirteen patients with lesions < 25cc also underwent surgery due to intracranial hyper-tension or neuroworsening. In all patients in whom lesions were surgically evacuated, the postoperative CT-scan showed neuroradiological improvement of the signs of mass effect or midline shift.

Conclusions

In our center, we found no evidence of significant variability in the indications for surgery in intradural lesions of more than 25 cc. However, significant differences were detected among neurosurgeons in the surgical indications for lesions below 25cc. The small sample analyzed precludes generalization of these conclusions. The deflnitive results of the EBIC study will provide the neurosurgical community with a better understanding of variability in the management of these lesions.

Key words:
Head injuries
Posttraumatic intradural lesions
Posttraumatic hematomas
Surgical indications
Surgical variability

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