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Case Report
Available online 6 February 2026

Atypical non-enhancing brain metastases from ALK-positive non-small cell lung carcinoma

Metástasis cerebrales atípicas sin realce en el carcinoma pulmonar no microcítico ALK-positivo
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Serdar Solmaz, Cafer Ikbal Gulsever
Corresponding author
cafer.gulsever@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
Department of Neurosurgery, Hakkari State Hospital, Hakkari, Turkey
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Abstract

Brain metastases are a frequent complication of advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), particularly in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive cases, which show a strong tendency for central nervous system spread. Typically, such metastases demonstrate contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier. We report a 45-year-old man with ALK-positive NSCLC presenting with a right temporal swelling and multiple non-contrast-enhancing brain lesions detected before any treatment. The temporal mass was excised and confirmed as metastatic adenocarcinoma. The patient received whole-brain radiotherapy (30Gy in 10 fractions), cisplatin–pemetrexed chemotherapy, and sequential targeted therapy with alectinib and lorlatinib. During three years of follow-up, MRI showed complete resolution of all lesions, and the patient remained neurologically intact and systemically stable. This case underscores the rarity of non-enhancing brain metastases in ALK-positive NSCLC and highlights the importance of recognizing this atypical imaging presentation for timely diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
Neuro-oncology
ALK-positive NSCLC
Brain metastases
Non-enhancing lesion
Resumen

Las metástasis cerebrales son una complicación frecuente del carcinoma pulmonar no microcítico (CPNM) avanzado, especialmente en los casos positivos para la quinasa del linfoma anaplásico (ALK), los cuales muestran una marcada tendencia a la diseminación en el sistema nervioso central. Habitualmente, dichas metástasis presentan realce con contraste en la resonancia magnética (RM) debido a la alteración de la barrera hematoencefálica. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 45 años con CPNM ALK-positivo que acudió con una tumefacción temporal derecha y múltiples lesiones cerebrales sin realce con contraste detectadas antes de cualquier tratamiento. La masa temporal fue extirpada y confirmada como adenocarcinoma metastásico. El paciente recibió radioterapia holocraneal (30Gy en 10 fracciones), quimioterapia con cisplatino–pemetrexed y tratamiento dirigido secuencial con alectinib y lorlatinib. Durante tres años de seguimiento, la RM mostró resolución completa de todas las lesiones, y el paciente se mantuvo neurológicamente intacto y sistémicamente estable. Este caso subraya la rareza de las metástasis cerebrales sin realce en el CPNM ALK-positivo y destaca la importancia de reconocer esta presentación radiológica atípica para un diagnóstico y manejo oportunos.

Palabras clave:
Neurooncología
CPNM ALK-positivo
Metástasis cerebrales
Lesión sin realce

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