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Case Report
Available online 4 March 2026

Brain necrosis induced by intranasal cocaine in a patient with a history of craniofacial resection: A case report

Necrosis cerebral secundaria al uso de cocaína intranasal en un paciente con antecedentes de resección craneofacial: caso clínico
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Elena Marin-Dieza,
Corresponding author
elenamarindiez@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Jaime Viera-Artilesb, David Mato-Mañasc, Enrique Marco de Lucasa
a Neuroradiology Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Spain
b Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Spain
c Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Spain
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Abstract

A 57-year-old male woodworker was diagnosed with T3N0M0 intestinal-type nasal adenocarcinoma in 2021. He underwent endoscopic craniofacial resection and radiotherapy, with no recurrence for three years. In 2024, he presented with occipital headache and vomiting, revealing a frontal necrotic-hemorrhagic lesion with acute hydrocephalus, initially suspected to be a brain abscess. However, a history of cocaine use suggested brain necrosis facilitated by prior surgery. This unique case demonstrates brain necrosis directly attributable to intranasal cocaine use. Surgeons should consider substance use as a contributing factor in postoperative complications after skull base surgery.

Keywords:
Cocaine
Nasal neoplasm
Epistaxis
Natural orifice endoscopic surgery
Resumen

Un varón de 57 años, carpintero de oficio, se diagnosticó en 2021 con adenocarcinoma nasal tipo intestinal T3N0M0. Se sometió a una resección craneofacial endoscópica y a radioterapia, sin evidencia de recurrencia durante tres años. En 2024, presentó cefalea occipital y vómitos, revelando en las pruebas de imagen una lesión frontal necrótica-hemorrágica con hidrocefalia aguda, inicialmente considerada un absceso cerebral. Sin embargo, los antecedentes de consumo de cocaína sugirieron necrosis cerebral por el uso de este tóxico con vía de acceso directo secundaria a los antecedentes quirúrgicos. Este caso único demuestra necrosis cerebral directamente atribuible al uso de cocaína intranasal. Los cirujanos deben considerar el consumo de sustancias como un factor contribuyente en las complicaciones posoperatorias tras una cirugía de base de cráneo.

Palabras clave:
Cocaína
Tumor nasal
Epistaxis
Cirugía endoscópica

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