Journal Information
Vol. 26. Issue 6.
Pages 284-291 (November - December 2015)
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Vol. 26. Issue 6.
Pages 284-291 (November - December 2015)
Artículo de revisión
Diagnóstico por imagen de los quistes aracnoideos
Imaging diagnosis of arachnoid cysts
Miguel Gelabert-Gonzáleza,b,
Corresponding author
miguel.gelabert@usc.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, José María Santín-Amoa,b, Eduardo Aran-Echabea,b, Alfredo García-Alluta,b
a Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España
b Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España
Article information
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Resumen

Los quistes aracnoideos son lesiones quísticas malformativas que contienen en su interior un líquido de características similares al líquido cefalorraquídeo. Constituyen alrededor del 1% de todos los procesos ocupantes de espacio a nivel intracraneal y, en los últimos años, su incidencia se ha incrementado ligeramente debido a la mejora en las técnicas de diagnóstico radiológico.

Aunque la mayoría de los quistes aracnoideos se sitúan en la cavidad craneal, especialmente en la región de la cisura de Silvio, un menor número de casos pueden localizarse a nivel espinal.

Realizamos una revisión sobre las diferentes técnicas de diagnóstico por imagen de los quistes aracnoideos, analizando la indicación de cada una de ellas en función de la localización y edad de los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Diagnóstico prenatal
Ecografía transcraneal
Quiste aracnoideo intracraneal
Quiste aracnoideo espinal
Resonancia magnética
Tomografía computarizada
Summary

Arachnoid cysts are malformed lesions that contain a fluid similar to the cerebrospinal fluid, and are usually located within the arachnoidal membrane. They represent 1% of all intracranial lesions, and in recent years, with the development of radiological techniques, the clinical detectability of arachnoid cysts seems to have increased.

Although the majority of diagnosed arachnoid cysts are located in the cranial cavity and especially in the Sylvian fissure, a small number are located at spinal level and they can occur extra- or intra-spinally.

An analysis is carried out, detailing the various tests used for the diagnosis of both intracranial and spinal arachnoids cysts, analysing the indications of each one depending on the location of the cysts and patient age.

Keywords:
Prenatal diagnosis
Transcranial ultrasound
Intracranial arachnoid cyst
Spinal arachnoid cyst
Magnetic resonance imaging
Computed tomography

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