Describir la anatomía de las fontanelas y actualizar las aplicaciones del conocimiento de las mismas.
MétodosSe utilizaron 7 preparados cadavéricos de cabezas fetales, 2 cráneos secos y 2 huesos frontales, se analizaron 48 fontanelas anteriores de pacientes pediátricos con y sin patología asociada, así como también casos quirúrgicos y neuroecografías. Dichas estructuras fueron sometidas a mediciones y posterior análisis.
ResultadoSe evidenció las medidas, estructura y límites de las fontanelas en las cabezas y cráneos fetales, así como la evaluación de pacientes pediátricos y las medidas de las fontanelas en diferentes patologías.
ConclusiónDebido a sus características anatómicas, las fontanelas son una verdadera ventana al endocráneo, lo que determina sus múltiples aplicaciones clínico-quirúrgicas.
To make a description of the anatomy of fontanelles and to update what is currently known about their applications.
Method7 cadaveric heads, 2 dry skulls and 2 frontal bones of foetus were used, and 48 anterior fontanelles from paediatric patients with or without associated pathology were examined. Surgical cases and neurosonography were also used. All the structures were measured and subsequently analysed.
ResultsThe size, structure and limits of the fontanelles were evidenced in the cadaveric head and skulls, as well as the evaluation of paediatric patients and the size of their fontanelles in different pathologies.
ConclusionOwing to their anatomical characteristics, fontanelles are a true window to the inside of the skull, which determines their multiple clinical and surgical applications.
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