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Clinical Research
Pre-proof, online 14 May 2025
Image Control After Aneurysm Clipping: Is 3D Computed Tomogram Angiography Enough?
Control de imagen después del clipaje de un aneurisma: ¿es suficiente la angiotomografía 3D?
Sebastián Menéndez-Girón, Antonio González-Crespo, Alberto Blanco Ibáñez de Opacua, Roser García-Armengol, Carlos J. Dominguez, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández
Corresponding author
ana.neurosurgery@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
Department of Neurological Surgery, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
Article information
Abstract
Background

Cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) remains the gold standard for the control of aneurysmal remnants after surgical clipping. Despite being associated with minimal risks, it is an invasive procedure far from being iatrogenia free. Furthermore, it has limited availability which may prolong patient’s postoperative stay. On the other hand, the image quality of computed tomography angiography (CTA) has improved significantly over the past decades providing a valuable alternative to DSA. The objective of this study was to compare the capacity of CTA and DSA to detect clinically significant aneurysmal remnants.

Methods

From a prospective series of surgically treated aneurysms, those with postoperative CTA and DSA were retrospectively included in the study. A three-dimensional reconstruction of the CTA was performed using the Brainlab Elements software and the results were compared with those of the DSA. In addition, variables that could affect the three-dimensional reconstruction were collected, such as the number of clips per aneurysm and previous clipping or embolization. In case of an aneurysm remnant, its size was also recorded.

Results

Between January 2020 and January 2022, a total of 42 patients in whom 52 aneurysms were clipped (8 of them ruptured) were included. CTA presented a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 97% in the detection of aneurysmal remnants. The cases in which CTA did not detect the aneurysmal remnant were previously embolized aneurysms or complex aneurysms that required neck reconstruction with 3 or more clips. None of the remnants undetected by CTA were significant enough to warrant retreatment of the aneurysm.

Conclusions

Excluding complex aneurysms (previously embolized or requiring surgical reconstruction with 3 or more clips), three-dimensional reconstructions of CTA images showed excellent results in detecting clinically significant postoperative aneurysm remnants and may obviate the need for a the more invasive and less available DSA.

Keywords:
Intracranial Aneurysm
Clipping
Postoperative Image
3D Computed Tomogram Angiography
Digital Subtraction Angiography
Resumen
Antecedentes

La angiografía por sustracción digital cerebral (DSA) sigue siendo el estándar de oro para el control de los restos aneurismáticos después del clipaje quirúrgico. A pesar de estar asociada a riesgos mínimos, es un procedimiento invasivo que está lejos de estar libre de iatrogenia. Además, tiene una disponibilidad limitada que puede prolongar la estancia postoperatoria del paciente. Por otro lado, la calidad de imagen de la angiografía por tomografía computarizada (CTA) ha mejorado significativamente en las últimas décadas, proporcionando una alternativa valiosa a la DSA. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la capacidad de la CTA y la DSA para detectar restos aneurismáticos clínicamente significativos.

Métodos

De una serie prospectiva de aneurismas tratados quirúrgicamente, aquellos con CTA y DSA postoperatorias fueron incluidos en el estudio retrospectivamente. Se realizó una reconstrucción tridimensional de la CTA utilizando el software Brainlab Elements y los resultados se compararon con los de la DSA. Además, se recogieron variables que pudieran afectar a la reconstrucción tridimensional, como el número de clips por aneurisma y el clipaje o embolización previa. En caso de existir remanente aneurismático, también se registró su tamaño.

Resultados

Entre enero de 2020 y enero de 2022 se incluyeron un total de 42 pacientes en los que se cliparon 52 aneurismas (8 de ellos rotos). La CTA presentó una sensibilidad del 50% y una especificidad del 97% en la detección de remanente aneurismático. Los casos en los que la CTA no detectó el remanente aneurismático fueron aneurismas previamente embolizados o aneurismas complejos que requirieron reconstrucción del cuello con 3 o más clips. Ninguno de los remanentes no detectados por la CTA fue lo suficientemente significativo como para justificar un retratamiento del aneurisma.

Conclusiones

Excluyendo los aneurismas complejos (previamente embolizados o que requieren reconstrucción quirúrgica con 3 o más clips), las reconstrucciones tridimensionales de imágenes de CTA mostraron excelentes resultados en la detección de restos de aneurismas posoperatorios clínicamente significativos y pueden obviar la necesidad de una DSA más invasiva y menos disponible.

Palabras clave:
Aneurisma Intracraneal
Clipaje
Imagen Postoperatoria
Angiotomografía 3D
Angiografía por Sustracción Digital

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