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Original Article
Pre-proof, online 14 May 2025
Is monopolar electrocautery use in vagus nerve stimulator revision surgery a risk to avoid or a safe surgical option?
¿El uso de electrocauterio monopolar en la cirugía de revisión de estimuladores del nervio vago es un riesgo a evitar o una opción quirúrgica segura?
Cezmi Çağrı Türka,b,
Corresponding author
drcezmiturk@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Umut Ogün Mutlucanb, Orhan Günaya,b, Fatma Gençc, Meltem Korucukc, Gültekin Kutlukd
a University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
b Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Neurosurgery Clinic, Antalya, Turkey
c Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Antalya, Turkey
d Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Child Neurology Clinic, Antalya, Turkey
Article information
Abstract
Background

The use of monopolar electrocautery in vagal nerve stimulator (VNS) revision surgeries has been debated due to concerns about device interference. Thus, herein, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of monopolar electrocautery during VNS generator replacement surgeries, particularly its impact on seizure control and battery performance.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted on 30 patients who underwent VNS generator revision at a tertiary care center. Patients were divided into two groups: those in whom monopolar electrocautery was used (n = 18) and those in whom it was not used (n= = 12). Pre- and postoperative data were collected, including seizure frequency, VNS settings, and operative time. The McHugh Outcome Classification was used to assess seizure control.

Results

The surgeries were significantly shorter in the electrocautery group than in the nonelectrocautery group (20.06± ± 2.29 vs. 51.83± ± 12.76 min, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in seizure control between the two groups (p> > 0.05). In two patients, a decline in seizure control classification was noted. However, this did not reach statistical significance. No lead damage or major complications developed in either group.

Conclusion

Monopolar electrocautery significantly reduces the operative time during VNS generator revisions without compromising seizure control or increasing the risk of complications. Thus, monopolar electrocautery can be safely used in VNS revision surgeries, potentially streamlining the procedure and improving patient outcomes. However, further studies with larger populations are needed to confirm these findings.

Keywords:
Epilepsy
Monopolar Electrocautery
Seizures
Surgical Revisions
Vagal Nerve Stimulation
Resumen
Antecedentes

El uso de electrocauterio monopolar en cirugías de revisión del estimulador del nervio vago (VNS, por sus siglas en inglés) ha sido objeto de debate debido a preocupaciones sobre posibles interferencias con el dispositivo. Por lo tanto, en este estudio nos propusimos evaluar la seguridad y eficacia del electrocauterio monopolar durante las cirugías de reemplazo del generador VNS, con un enfoque particular en su impacto sobre el control de las crisis y el rendimiento de la batería.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo en 30 pacientes que se sometieron a revisiones del generador VNS en un centro de atención terciaria. Los pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos: aquellos en los que se utilizó electrocauterio monopolar (n = 18) y aquellos en los que no se utilizó (n = 12). Se recopilaron datos pre y postoperatorios, incluyendo la frecuencia de las crisis, configuraciones del VNS y tiempo operatorio. Se utilizó la Clasificación de Resultados de McHugh para evaluar el control de las crisis.

Resultados

Las cirugías fueron significativamente más cortas en el grupo con electrocauterio en comparación con el grupo sin electrocauterio (20,06 ± 2,29 frente a 51,83 ± 12,76 minutos, p < 0,001). Además, no se encontró una diferencia significativa en el control de las crisis entre los dos grupos (p > 0,05). En dos pacientes se observó un deterioro en la clasificación de control de crisis; sin embargo, esto no alcanzó significancia estadística. No se reportaron daños en los electrodos ni complicaciones mayores en ninguno de los grupos.

Conclusión

El electrocauterio monopolar reduce significativamente el tiempo operatorio durante las revisiones del generador VNS sin comprometer el control de las crisis ni aumentar el riesgo de complicaciones. Por lo tanto, el electrocauterio monopolar puede usarse de manera segura en las cirugías de revisión del VNS, lo que potencialmente optimiza el procedimiento y mejora los resultados para los pacientes. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios con poblaciones más amplias para confirmar estos hallazgos.

Palabras clave:
Epilepsia
Electrocauterio Monopolar
Crisis Epilépticas
Revisiones Quirúrgicas
Estimulación del Nervio Vago

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