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Vol. 22. Issue 2.
Pages 133-139 (January 2011)
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Vol. 22. Issue 2.
Pages 133-139 (January 2011)
Meningiomas del surco olfatorio. Tratamiento microquirúrgico radical por vía bifrontal
Olfactory groove meningiomas. Radical microsurgical treatment through the bifrontal approach
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J.M. González-Darder
Corresponding author
gonzalez_jos@gva.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 17. 46010-Valencia.
, V. Bordes-García, V. Quilis-Quesada, F. Talamantes-Escrivá, P. González-López, G. Masbout-Kayal
Servicios de Neurocirugía. Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia
J.V. Pesudo-Martínez*
* Hospital General de Castellón. Conselleria de Sanitat. Generalitat Valenciana
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Resumen
Objetivos

Describir los detalles técnicos del abordaje bifrontal para el tratamiento microquirúrgico radical de los meningiomas del surco olfatorio. Revisar los factores diagnósticos a valorar en la selección del abordaje quirúrgico de estos tumores.

Material y métodos

Se revisa una serie microquirúrgica de 35 tumores del surco olfatorio intervenidos por vía bifrontal.

Resultados

El volumen medio de las lesiones era de 85cc (4.4cm de diámetro). El 65.7% presentaban edema cerebral perilesional relevante, el 80% hiperostosis en la base de implantación y el 28.6% invasión de los senos paranasales. En todos los casos se realizó una exéresis grado 1 de Simpson. Hubo un éxitus por neumonía. La estancia hospitalaria fue de 3–20 días, con un Glasgow Outcome Scale 4–5 al alta en todos los casos y seguimiento medio de 55.2 meses. Como complicaciones relevantes destacan rinolicuorrea transitoria en dos casos e hidrocefalia en otro caso. Se ha identificado una recidiva local asintomática en un paciente a los 4 años de la cirugía.

Conclusiones

En nuestra experiencia la vía bifrontal ha permitido la exéresis radical de los meningiomas de suco olfatorio de gran tamaño. La disección microquirúrgica de los segmentos A2 de las arterias cerebrales anteriores es posible gracias a la existencia de un plano aracnoideo entre ellas y el tumor. La vascularización del tumor se controla abordando precozmente el tumor por la base y no se precisa embolización preoperatoria. La vía bifrontal permite un tratamiento agresivo de la hiperostosis, infiltración ósea e invasión de los senos paranasales. La reconstrucción de la fosa anterior se consigue con un colgajo perióstico pediculado.

Palabras clave:
Cirugía de base de cráneo
Colgajo perióstico pediculado
Craneotomía bifrontal
Meningioma del surco olfatorio
Abstract
Objectives

To describe the microsurgical technique for the radical removal of olfactory groove meningiomas through the bifrontal approach. To review the diagnostic elements to be taken into account in the selection of the surgical approach to these tumours.

Materials and methods

A microsurgical series of 35 olfactory groove meningiomas operated on through a bifrontal craniotomy is reviewed.

Results

The mean tumoral volume was 85cc (4.4cm diameter). A relevant peritumoral brain edema was found in 65.7% of cases, hyperostosis in the implantation base in 80% and paranasal sinus invasion in 28.6%. A Sipmson grade 1 resection was achieved in every case. A patient died due to a postoperative pneumonia. Postoperative hospitalization time was between 3 and 20 days and at discharge all patients had a Glasgow Outcome Scale grade 4–5. The mean follow-up was 55.2 months. Two patients had postoperative transient rhinolicuorrhea and an additional patient developed hydrocephalus. An asymptomatic recurrence have been identified in a patient four years after surgery.

Conclusions

In our experience the bifrontal approach allowed the radical removal of huge olfactory groove meningiomas. The microdissection of the anterior cerebral artery A2 segments is possible thanks to the arachnoidal plane between vessels and tumor. Tumoral blood flow is secured by the early approaching of the base of the tumor and preoperative embolization is not necessary. Bifrontal approach allows an aggressive treatment of the hyperostosis, bone infiltration and paranasal sinus invasion. Anterior fossa reconstruction is done using a vascularized periosteal flap.

Key words:
Bifrontal craniotomy
Olfactory groove meningiomas
Skull base surgery
Vascularized periosteal flap

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