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Vol. 15. Issue 5.
Pages 480-483 (January 2004)
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Vol. 15. Issue 5.
Pages 480-483 (January 2004)
Seno dérmico occipital asociado a absceso cerebeloso. Caso clínico
Occipital dermal sinus associated to a cerebellar abscess. Case
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J.M. Costa
, A. Guillen, E. Claramunt
Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Sant Joan de Déu. Barcelona
L. de Reina*
* Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Puerta de Hierro. Madrid
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Resumen

Los senos dérmicos son trayectos tubulares que comunican la piel con estructuras profundas. Ponen de manifiesto un defecto en la separación entre el ecto-dermo cutáneo y el neuroectodermo. Su incidencia es de 1/2500-3000 nacidos vivos. De todas las localizaciones en el neuroaxis, los occipito-cervicales suponen un 10%. Generalmente cursan de forma asintomática, siendo la infección su principal complicación (meningitis, absceso).

Presentamos el caso de una niña de 12 meses de edad con un estigma cutáneo en la región occipital, que no fue valorado previamente, y que debutó con un síndrome meníngeo y un importante deterioro neurológico, presentando un absceso en fosa posterior que fue tratado mediante punción evacuadora, antibioterapia y, en un segundo tiempo, extirpación quirúrgica de un seno dérmico occipital, resolviéndose el proceso sin secuelas.

Se revisa la literatura y se analizan las características clínicas y terapéuticas, tanto de los casos tratados de forma profiláctica como de las complicaciones.

Palabras clave:
Seno dérmico
Absceso cerebeloso
Summary

Congenital dermal sinuses are tubular tracts which communicate the skin with deeper structures. It is a manifestation of defective separation of the ectoderm and neuroderm. The incidence is 1/2500-3000 births alive. Almost 10% of congenital dermal sinuses are localized in the occipitocervical region. They are usua-Uy asymptomatic, unless an infectious process is concu-rrent (meningitis, abscess).

We are presenting the case of a 12 months girl with unnoticed cutaneous stigmata in the occipital region, who was admitted with a meningeal syndrome and secondary neurological impairment. She had a cerebellar abscess and was treated with decompression by puncture of the abscess and antibiotics. When infection was resolved, congenital dermal sinus was excised. Process solves without morbidity.

We reviewed the clinical and therapeutic features in cases reported previously in the literature.

Key words:
Dermal sinus
Cerebellar abscess

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