Journal Information
Vol. 30. Issue 2.
Pages 69-76 (March - April 2019)
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Vol. 30. Issue 2.
Pages 69-76 (March - April 2019)
Clinical Research
Paraspinal muscle atrophy after posterior lumbar surgery with and without pedicle screw fixation with the classic technique
Atrofia de la musculatura paraespinal después de cirugía lumbar posterior con y sin fijación transpedicular por la técnica clásica
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Alexis Palpan Flores
Corresponding author
alexispalpanflores@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Pablo García Feijoo, Alberto Isla Guerrero
Departamento de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Variables analysed according to type of surgery.
Table 2. Musculature according to gender.
Table 3. Predictors of postoperative atrophy: multivariate analysis.
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Abstract
Objectives

Lumbar spine surgery causes a muscular injury during its approach that could worsen long-term postoperative functional results. This study aims to analyse the postoperative paraspinal atrophy associated with two types of intervention.

Material and methods

Clinical records and lumbar magnetic resonance imaging were collected from a group of 41 patients, 20 underwent laminectomy with lumbar fixation due to lumbar spinal stenosis (fixation group) and another group of 21 underwent hemilaminectomy without fixation due to lumbar disc disease (non-fixation group). In which muscle atrophy was analysed quantitatively.

Results

We found a negative correlation between age and preoperative muscle, which was higher in those who underwent lumbar fixation (rho=−0.64 p=.002). We also found a positive correlation between preoperative muscle and postoperative atrophy (rho=0.32 p=.041). In the age, sex and fixation adjusted multivariate linear regression model (R2=0.31), laminectomy with fixation is attributed to 5.3% atrophy (IC95 1.4–9.5%, p=.017); preoperative musculature>70% is attributed to atrophy of 13.8% (95% CI 5.5–22%, p=.002). Age did not correlate with postoperative atrophy.

Conclusions

Paraspinal muscle atrophy after lumbar spinal surgery is greater if an extensive approach is performed such as complete laminectomy with bilateral facetectomy and transpedicular fixation. A greater previous musculature regardless of age, sex and type of surgery also predicts greater postoperative atrophy.

Keywords:
Paraspinal muscle atrophy
Posterior lumbar fusion
Pedicle screw fixation
Lumbar laminectomy
Lumbar stenosis
Lumbar disc herniation
Resumen
Objetivos

La cirugía de columna lumbar produce una lesión muscular durante su abordaje que podría empeorar los resultados funcionales postoperatorios a largo plazo. Este estudio pretende analizar la atrofia paraespinal postoperatoria asociada a dos tipos de intervenciones.

Material y métodos

Se recogieron historias clínicas y resonancias magnéticas lumbares pre- y postoperatorias de un grupo de 41 pacientes, 20 se sometieron a laminectomía con fijación lumbar por estenosis de canal (Grupo fijación) y otro grupo de 21 se sometieron a una hemilaminectomía sin fijación por enfermedad discal (Grupo no fijación). En los que se analizó la atrofia muscular de manera cuantitativa.

Resultados

Se halló una correlación negativa entre la edad y la musculatura preoperatoria, siendo mayor en el grupo laminectomía con fijación (rho = −0,64 p = 0,002). Observamos también una correlación positiva entre la musculatura preoperatoria y la atrofia postoperatoria (rho = 0,32 p = 0,041). En el modelo de regresión lineal multivariado ajustado por la edad, sexo y tipo de intervención, observamos que la predicción de la atrofia postoperatoria fue del 31% (R2 = 0,31); a la laminectomía con fijación se le atribuye una atrofia del 5,3% (IC95 1,4-9,5%, p = 0,017); a la musculatura preoperatoria > 70% se le atribuye una atrofia del 13,8% (IC95 5,5-22%, p = 0,002). La edad no se correlacionó con la atrofia postoperatoria.

Conclusiones

La atrofia muscular paraespinal que se produce después de la cirugía lumbar es mayor si se realiza un abordaje más amplio como la laminectomía completa con facetectomía bilateral y fijación transpedicular. Una mayor musculatura previa independientemente de la edad, el sexo y el tipo de cirugía también predice una mayor atrofia postoperatoria.

Palabras clave:
Atrofia muscular paraespinal
Fusión lumbar posterior
Fijación transpedicular
Laminectomía lumbar
Estenosis lumbar
Hernia discal lumbar

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