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Vol. 17. Issue 1.
Pages 46-53 (January 2006)
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Vol. 17. Issue 1.
Pages 46-53 (January 2006)
Primary central nervous system lymphomas in immunocompetent patients
Linfomas primarios del sistema nervioso central en pacientes immunocompetentes
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T. Alécio-Mattei
, J. Alécio-Mattei, P.H. Aguiar
Pinheiros Neurosurgery Clinic. São Paulo. Brazil
R. Ramina*
* Institute of Neurology Curitiba. Brazil
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Abstract
Objetctives

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare patology and is most often seen in immunodeficient patients. This article presents our casuistic of PCNSL in immunocompetent patients and make a literature review on this issue with focus on recent advances, investigations, and controversies in diagnosis and management of this patology.

Matherial and methods

Nine patients operated in the last years in our clinics are analysed in relation to sex, age, time of symptoms, procedures and adjuvant treatment. Posteriorly the results are compared with those in the preview literature.

Results

The age ranged from 44–68 years (middle of 66 years); 62,5% of the patients were female. The mean time of symptoms, when the diagnostic was made, was 3.2 months (range 1–6 months). The most common symptoms were hemiparesis (present in 75% of the patients) headache (37.5%) seizures (25%) and ataxia (25%). The most common localization was the parietal, frontal and temporal lobe surface with 25% of the patients for each localization. Five patients (50%) were treated with stereotactic biopsy, three with surgery (37.5%) and one (12.5%) with both of them. Five patients (62,5%) were submitted to pos-operative radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment. In relation to the hystology, the most common cell type was Difuse B Cells.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that complete surgical ressection followed by radiotherapy have shown good results. In opposition to the literature, the authors regards chemotherapy as a secondary line treatment and recommends its use only in some selected cases.

Key words:
Brain lymphoma
Immunocompetent
Malignant lymphoma
PCNLS
Abbreviations:
IICP
NHL
PCNSL
Resumen
Objetivos

En este trabajo presentamos nuestra casuística de linfomas cerebrales primarios en pacientes immunocompetentes comparandolo con los datos previos de la literatura, con especial enfoque en los recientes avaces, investigaciones, y controversias acerca del diagnóstico y manejo terapéutico de estas patologías.

Material y método

Nueve pacientes operados el año pasado en nuestra clínica con diagnóstico de PCNLS son analizados en relación al sexo, edad, tiempo de sintomatología, procedimientos y tratamiento. Posteriormente, los resultados son comparados con los de la literatura.

Resultados

La edad varió entre 44–68 años (media de 60,6 años); 62,5% de los pacientes fueron del sexo femenino; el tiempo medio de duración de los síntomas antes del diagnóstico de la enfermedad varió de 1–6 meses, con un rango medio de 3,2 meses. Los síntomas clínicos más frecuentes fueron: hemiparesia (75%), cefalea (37,5), crisis convulsivas (25%) y ataxia (25%). Las localizaciones predominaron en las superficies de los lóbulos parietal, temporal y frontal con un 25% para cada una de las localizaciones citadas. Cinco pacientes (50%) fueron tratados con biopsia estereotáxica, tres con cirugía (37.5%) y uno (12.5%) con ambas. Cinco pacientes (62,5%) fueron sometidos a radioterapia postoperatoria como tratamiento adyuvante. En relación con el tipo histológico predominó el linfoma de células difusas tipo B.

Conclusiones

Este estudio demostró que la resección quirúrgica, combinada con biopsia por esterotaxia y la radioterapia dan buenos resultados. Los autores recomiendan la quimioterapia solamente como segunda línea de tratamiento, en pacientes seleccionados.

Palabras clave:
Immunocompetente
Linfomas cerebrales
Linfomas malignos
PCNLS

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