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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The anterior communicating artery &#40;ACoA&#41; complex is the most common site of ruptured intracranial aneurysms<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3</span></a> which are also the most complex aneurysms of the anterior circulation&#46; Despite the advancing technology in aneurysm clips&#44; at times&#44; it is still hard to securely clip the ACoA complex aneurysms given their small sizes&#44; adherence to adjacent neurovascular structures&#44; thin walls&#44; challenging projection angles that make dissection harder&#44; and atypical fenestrations&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> For years&#44; these challenges in the microneurosurgical management of ACoA aneurysms have been overcome by supplementary surgical techniques such as extended craniotomies&#44; wide opening of the carotid-ophthalmic cisterns&#44; gyrus rectus resection&#44; or revascularization techniques as well as special clips such as the fenestrated clips&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#8211;7</span></a> Even so&#44; particular cases may require imaginative solutions such as intraoperative reconstruction of the aneurysm clip for safe clipping&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the current report&#44; we present two patients with ruptured AcomA aneurysms who required shortening of the aneurysm clips during surgery&#46; With this report&#44; we underline the effectiveness of this creative solution for anatomically challenging AcomA aneurysms&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Method</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 532 aneurysms have been clipped surgically by a single neurosurgeon &#40;H&#46;K&#46;&#41; in the Department of Neurosurgery&#44; Uludag University School of Medicine between January 2011&#44; and January 2021&#46; Among these&#44; two cases presented in the current report required clip modification during surgery&#46; After obtaining patient consents&#44; medical charts of the patients&#44; including pre- and post-operative hospital progress notes&#44; operative notes&#44; pre- and post-operative imagings and radiology reports&#44; surgical videos and outpatient clinic notes were reviewed retrospectively for the present work&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Case 1</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 46-year-old male patient with no history of prior medical problems presented to the emergency room with severe headache and somnolence&#46; Neuroimaging with head computerized tomography &#40;CT&#41; revealed a Fisher grade III SAH &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41; and CT angiogram &#40;CTA&#41; demonstrated a superolaterally projecting ruptured AcomA aneurysm that was primarily filling from the left circulation &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>B&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was placed in supine position on the operating table with the effected side up and the head was fixed by a three-pin head holder&#46; Then&#44; a left-sided frontotemporal incision followed by an extended pterional craniotomy was performed&#46; The operating microscope was brought in to assist with the drilling of the sphenoid ridge as well as the bone over the supraorbital area and roof of the orbit to get an unobstructed view of the surgical corridor&#46; The dura was then opened in a curvilinear fashion&#46; Sylvian fissure was split using the inside-to-outside technique from distal to proximal&#46; The Lilliquist membrane and lamina terminalis were opened&#44; draining the CSF out for brain relaxation&#46; Wider exposure was obtained with thorough frontobasal arachnoid dissection&#46; Bilateral A1s and A2s were identified after the resection of a small portion of the gyrus rectus&#46; Temporary clips were placed on both A1s&#46; Next&#44; the neck of the aneurysm was dissected&#46; The superolaterally projected aneurysm had a wide neck with a relatively thinner wall at the dome&#46; Two clipping attempts with the available shortest fenestrated clip &#40;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; failed given that the distance between the two A2s were too short&#44; and the clips were too long to exclude the aneurysm from the circulation without a compromise to the contralateral A2&#46; We then used a clip modification technique to shorten the 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm to 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm as described previously&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> As our attempt to shorten the clip using a 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm ball drill also failed&#44; we cut the tip of the clip using a cutter that is indeed used to cut the titanium mesh plaques&#46; We then smoothened the remaining sharp end using a cautery sanding to get rid of the remaining roughness on the tip of the clip&#46; Under temporary clipping&#44; the aneurysm was clipped successfully with the modified fenestrated clip protecting the contralateral A2&#46; Eventually&#44; the aneurysm was totally occluded using an extra fenestrated clip that was applied to close the residual part &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0045">Video 1</a>&#41;&#46; Post-clipping indocyanine green &#40;ICG&#41; angiogram as well as Doppler ultrasonography &#40;USG&#41; demonstrated complete occlusion of the aneurysm and patency of the parent arteries&#46; Postoperative digital subtraction angiogram &#40;DSA&#41; confirmed that there was no residual aneurysm &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>C and D&#41;&#46; After an uneventful postoperative course&#44; the patient was discharged home without neurological deficits&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Case 2</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 43-year-old woman with an unremarkable past medical history applied to the emergency service with severe headache and disorientation&#46; Radiological examination with head CT revealed Fisher Grade III SAH &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>A&#41;&#46; A small &#40;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; ruptured AcomA aneurysm was detected on CTA that was projecting superolaterally and filling predominantly from the left A1 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>B&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was operated via a left sided pterional craniotomy&#46; After wide opening of the Sylvian fissure&#44; the Lilliequist membrane and lamina terminalis were opened to drain CSF for brain relaxation&#46; Wider exposure was obtained via frontobasal arachnoid dissection and partial resection of gyrus rectus&#44; revealing bilateral A1s and A2s into surgical view&#46; Under temporary clipping&#44; the dome and neck of the aneurysm were dissected&#46; The initial attempt for clipping the aneurysm with a 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm fenestrated clip was not successful due to the excessive length of the clip to secure the aneurysm without compromise to the contralateral A2&#46; The available shortest fenestrated clip was therefore shortened from 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm to 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm with mesh cutter and it was smoothened using cautery sanding to get rid of the remaining roughness on the tip of the clip as described above&#46; Then&#44; under temporary clipping the modified fenestrated clip was placed onto the neck of the aneurysm&#44; protecting bilateral A2s&#46; Post-clipping ICG angiogram and Doppler USG confirmed patency of the AcomA complex &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0045">Video 2</a>&#41;&#46; Postoperative DSA confirmed that there was no residual aneurysm &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>C&#41;&#46; Postoperative course was uneventful&#44; and the patient was discharged home without neurological deficits&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Discussion</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The challenges of microneurosurgical clipping of AcoA aneurysms are well described&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> The complexity of ACoA complex aneurysms arises due to the anatomic variations of the ACoA&#44; anterior cerebral arteries&#44; recurrent artery of Huebner and multiple adjacent perforators&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> In addition to this intricate anatomy&#44; the angioarchitecture and flow dynamics of the ACoA region&#44; deep anatomic location and narrow surgical corridor&#44; intraoperative injury risk to the perforators<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> and variations in the aneurysm morphology contribute to increased complication rates during microsurgical clipping of the ACoA complex aneurysms&#44; leading to neuropsychological deficits even in experienced hands&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> Resultantly&#44; supplementary surgical techniques<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a> as well as special clips such as the fenestrated clips are generally required for safe clipping of the ACoA complex aneurysms&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Nonetheless&#44; even clips produced by suppliers may unsatisfactorily occlude certain aneurysms&#44; arising need for a creative solution to generate a new specific clip for the aneurysm by neurosurgeon during the operation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Securing the aneurysm using a straight&#47;angled nonfenestrated clip is the safest and simplest method of surgical aneurysm clipping&#46; On the other hand&#44; fenestrated clips&#44; first proposed by Charles Drake in 1969&#44; have been used in various aneurysms<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#8211;13</span></a> with excellent parent vessel preservation since then&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> For example&#44; superiorly projecting ACoA aneurysms often times require the use of a straight fenestrated clip with placement of one of the A2s within the fenestration in order to secure these branches&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a> Currently&#44; the most commonly used fenestrated clips are provided primarily by Aesculap Inc&#46; and Mizuho Medical Co&#46; Ltd&#46; with the 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm blade length as the shortest available option&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Intraoperative clip modification via shortening the tip of an aneurysm clip was first reported by Sugita&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Recently&#44; Parmar et al&#46; has published a report of four cases who required modification of fenestrated clips intraoperatively to avoid stenosing parent arteries and avoid leaving residual aneurysm&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> In the same work&#44; authors have underlined the importance of obtaining smooth edges after shortening of the clip to prevent clip associated mechanical injury to the adjacent neurovascular structures&#46; In the present report&#44; we present two cases who underwent microsurgical clipping of a ruptured superiorly projecting AcomA aneurysm and required clip modification via shortening of the clip tips given the lack of a suitable clip during surgery that can secure the aneurysm without compromising neighboring vasculature&#46; We needed to cut the tip of the clips using a cutter as it was not possible to do so using a diamond drill&#46; Next&#44; we smoothened the edges using sandpaper&#44; which was then confirmed using high microscopic magnification and palpation as suggested previously&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> The inner side of the blades that will be in contact with the aneurysm wall was not damaged during the process&#46; One possible alteration of the clip&#39;s properties after its shortening was the loss of endurance&#46; Therefore&#44; we paid particular attention not to violate the endurance of the clip while providing enough length to cover up the neck of the aneurysm completely&#46; Resultantly&#44; the aneurysms were secured and totally excluded from the circulation without a compromise to the adjacent vascular structures&#46; This was confirmed both intraoperatively and postoperatively via ICG angiography and cerebral DSA&#44; respectively&#46; We therefore advocate intraoperative shortening of aneurysm clips as a safe solution in selected cases when there is no alternative&#46; Of note&#44; the clip modification should be done without damaging the endurance of the clip and the formation of roughness that can cause inadvertent aneurysm rupture should be avoided&#46; Also&#44; the modified clips should have enough length to cover up the aneurysm neck completely without a compromise to the parent or perforating arteries&#46; Crucially&#44; since we lack information about potential subsequent changes to the clip&#39;s properties after shortening for the modification process&#44; we suggest that further biomechanical studies be conducted to address these issues&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusions</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The fenestrated aneurysm clips have been used widely to overcome the challenges regarding microneurosurgical clipping of ACoA complex aneurysms&#46; Yet&#44; need for instant solutions may be unavoidable in particular cases&#46; In this work&#44; we present two patients with ruptured ACoA aneurysms&#44; who required shortening of the aneurysm clips for safe clipping without a compromise to the adjacent vessels&#46; Resultantly&#44; we emphasize the necessity of smaller &#40;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; fenestrated clips and we advocate clip shortening as an effective strategy until they are produced by the manufacturers&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Funding</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nothing to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Introduction"
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          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Method"
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          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "Case 1"
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          "identificador" => "sec0020"
          "titulo" => "Case 2"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2023-05-30"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2023-09-23"
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          "clase" => "keyword"
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            0 => "Anterior communicating artery"
            1 => "Clip modification"
            2 => "Fenestrated aneurysm clips"
            3 => "Microsurgical clipping"
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          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
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            0 => "Arteria comunicante anterior"
            1 => "Modificaci&#243;n de clip"
            2 => "Clips de aneurisma fenestrado"
            3 => "Clipaje microquir&#250;rgico"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The anterior communicating artery &#40;AcoA&#41; aneurysms represent the most complex aneurysms of the anterior circulation&#46; For years&#44; surgical challenges including the intricate anatomy and narrow surgical corridor have been overcome using supplementary techniques including extended craniotomies&#44; wide opening of the cisterns&#44; gyrus rectus resection and special clips like fenestrated clips&#46; However&#44; imaginative solutions such as intraoperative clip modification may be inevitable in particular cases for safe clipping&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We retrospectively analyzed clinical records of two patients who required clip modification intraoperatively&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case &#35;1 underwent microsurgical clipping of a ruptured&#44; 4-mm AcoA aneurysm&#46; Unfortunately&#44; given the short distance between the two A2s&#44; it was not possible to clip the aneurysm without a compromise to the contralateral A2 with the available shortest 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm-fenestrated clip&#46; We then used the clip modification technique intraoperatively by shortening the clip tips with mesh-plaque cutter and smoothening the remaining sharp ends using cautery sanding&#46; Eventually&#44; the aneurysm was clipped successfully with the modified-fenestrated clip&#46; Post-clipping imagings confirmed complete occlusion of the aneurysm and patency of parent arteries&#46; Case 2&#35; underwent microsurgical clipping for a ruptured&#44; 1-mm AcoA aneurysm&#46; Like Case 1&#35;&#44; the initial clipping attempt with the available shortest 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm-fenestrated clip failed given the excessive length of the tips&#46; The patient&#44; thus&#44; required clip modification as described above&#46; The aneurysm was then clipped successfully using the modified-fenestrated clip&#44; protecting bilateral A2s&#46; Post-clipping imagings demonstrated patency of parent arteries with no residual aneurysm filling&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Clip modification seems to be an effective option in clipping the AcoA aneurysms when available clips are too long to secure them safely&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los aneurismas de la arteria comunicante anterior &#40;AcoA&#41; representan los aneurismas m&#225;s complejos de la circulaci&#243;n anterior&#46; Durante a&#241;os&#44; los desaf&#237;os quir&#250;rgicos&#44; incluida la anatom&#237;a intrincada y el corredor quir&#250;rgico estrecho&#44; se han superado utilizando t&#233;cnicas complementarias que incluyen craneotom&#237;as extendidas&#44; apertura amplia de las cisternas&#44; resecci&#243;n de la circunvoluci&#243;n del recto y clips especiales como clips fenestrados&#46; Sin embargo&#44; las soluciones imaginativas&#44; como la modificaci&#243;n del clip intraoperatorio&#44; pueden ser inevitables en casos particulares para un clipado seguro&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizamos retrospectivamente las historias cl&#237;nicas de 2 pacientes que requirieron la modificaci&#243;n del clip en el intraoperatorio&#46;</p><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El caso n&#46;&#176; 1 se someti&#243; a recorte microquir&#250;rgico de un aneurisma AcoA de 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm roto&#46; Desafortunadamente&#44; dada la corta distancia entre los dos A2&#44; no fue posible clipar el aneurisma sin comprometer el A2 contralateral con el clip fenestrado de 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm m&#225;s corto disponible&#46; Luego utilizamos la t&#233;cnica de modificaci&#243;n del clip intraoperatoriamente acortando las puntas del clip con un cortador de placa de malla y alisando los extremos afilados restantes usando lijado con cauterizaci&#243;n&#46; Finalmente&#44; el aneurisma se cort&#243; con &#233;xito con el clip fenestrado modificado&#46; Las im&#225;genes posteriores al recorte confirmaron la oclusi&#243;n completa del aneurisma y la permeabilidad de las arterias originales&#46; El caso n&#46;&#176; 2 se someti&#243; a clipaje microquir&#250;rgico por rotura de un aneurisma AcoA de 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#46; Al igual que el caso 1&#44; el intento inicial de clipaje con el clip fenestrado de 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm m&#225;s corto disponible fall&#243; debido a la longitud excesiva de las puntas&#46; El paciente&#44; por lo tanto&#44; requiri&#243; la modificaci&#243;n del clip como se describe anteriormente&#46; Luego&#44; el aneurisma se clip&#243; con &#233;xito usando el clip fenestrado modificado&#44; protegiendo los A2 bilaterales&#46; Las im&#225;genes posteriores al clipaje demostraron la permeabilidad de las arterias originales sin relleno de aneurisma residual&#46;</p><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La modificaci&#243;n del clip parece ser una opci&#243;n eficaz para recortar los aneurismas AcoA cuando los clips disponibles son demasiado largos para asegurarlos de manera segura&#46;</p></span>"
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            "apendice" => "<p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The following are the supplementary data to this article&#58;<elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0010"></elsevierMultimedia></p>"
            "etiqueta" => "Appendix B"
            "titulo" => "Supplementary data"
            "identificador" => "sec0050"
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      0 => array:7 [
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        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case &#35;1&#46; &#40;A&#41; Axial computed tomography scan of the head upon admission showed diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage&#46; &#40;B&#41; Preoperative 3-D reconstructed CT angiography showed a 4-mm superolaterally projecting AcomA aneurysm&#46; &#40;C&#41; Postoperative DSA with &#40;D&#41; 3-D reconstructed views confirmed no residual aneurysm&#46;</p>"
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        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 2"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case &#35;2&#46; &#40;A&#41; Axial computed tomography scan of the head upon admission demonstrated diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage&#46; &#40;B&#41; Preoperative 3-D reconstructed angiography showed a small &#40;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; AcomA aneurysm that was projecting superolaterally and filling predominantly from the left A1&#46; &#40;C&#41; Postoperative 3-D reconstructed views confirmed complete eradication of the aneurysm from the circulation&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case &#35;1&#46; Following a pterional craniotomy&#44; wide opening of the Sylvian fissure and thorough frontobasal arachnoid dissection&#44; temporary clips were placed on both proximal A1s and the neck of the aneurysm was dissected&#46; This superolaterally projected aneurysm had a wide neck with a relatively thinner wall at the dome&#46; The distance between the two A2s were too short and our attempts with the available shortest 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm fenestrated clip failed&#46; We then used the clip modification technique to shorten the clip 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#46; As our attempt to shorten the clip using a 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm ball drill also failed&#44; we cut the tip of the clip using a mesh plaques cutter&#46; We then smoothened the remaining sharp end using a cautery sanding and got rid of the roughness on the tip of the clip&#46; Under temporary clipping&#44; the aneurysm was then clipped successfully with the modified fenestrated clip protecting the contralateral A2 and an extra fenestrated clip was used to totally occlude the residual part&#46; ICG angiogram demonstrated complete occlusion of the aneurysm and patency of the parent arteries&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case &#35;2&#46; The patient was operated via a left sided pterional craniotomy&#46; After wide opening of the Sylvian fissure&#44; followed by frontobasal arachnoid dissection and partial resection of gyrus rectus&#44; revealing bilateral A1s and A2s into surgical view&#44; the dome and neck of the aneurysm were dissected under temporary clipping&#46; Our initial attempt for clipping this aneurysm using a 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm fenestrated clip failed due to the excessive length of the clip&#46; The available shortest fenestrated clip was then shortened to 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm with mesh cutter and the edges were smoothened using cautery sanding to get rid of the remaining roughness on the tip of the clip&#46; Then&#44; under temporary clipping&#44; the modified fenestrated clip was placed onto the neck of the aneurysm&#44; protecting bilateral A2s&#46; Post-clipping ICG angiogram confirmed patency of the AcomA complex&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
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              "etiqueta" => "5"
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
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                      "titulo" => "Microsurgical management of anterior communicating artery aneurysms"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
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                            0 => "L&#46;N&#46; Sekhar"
                            1 => "S&#46;K&#46; Natarajan"
                            2 => "G&#46;W&#46; Britz"
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                          ]
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                    ]
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                    0 => array:2 [
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                        "volumen" => "61"
                        "paginaInicial" => "273"
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Anterior communicating artery aneurysms"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "R&#46;A&#46; Solomon"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
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Vol. 35. Issue 4.
Pages 205-209 (July - August 2024)
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Vol. 35. Issue 4.
Pages 205-209 (July - August 2024)
Case report
Tailoring fenestrated aneurysm clips intraoperatively: Instant solution for a difficult problem
Adaptación intraoperatoria de clips de aneurisma fenestrados: solución instantánea para un problema difícil
Pinar Eser, Ismail Seckin Kaya, Oguz Altunyuva, Hasan Kocaeli
Corresponding author
hkocaeli@uludag.edu.tr

Corresponding author.
Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, 16120 Bursa, Turkey
Article information
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Abstract

The anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aneurysms represent the most complex aneurysms of the anterior circulation. For years, surgical challenges including the intricate anatomy and narrow surgical corridor have been overcome using supplementary techniques including extended craniotomies, wide opening of the cisterns, gyrus rectus resection and special clips like fenestrated clips. However, imaginative solutions such as intraoperative clip modification may be inevitable in particular cases for safe clipping.

We retrospectively analyzed clinical records of two patients who required clip modification intraoperatively.

Case #1 underwent microsurgical clipping of a ruptured, 4-mm AcoA aneurysm. Unfortunately, given the short distance between the two A2s, it was not possible to clip the aneurysm without a compromise to the contralateral A2 with the available shortest 3mm-fenestrated clip. We then used the clip modification technique intraoperatively by shortening the clip tips with mesh-plaque cutter and smoothening the remaining sharp ends using cautery sanding. Eventually, the aneurysm was clipped successfully with the modified-fenestrated clip. Post-clipping imagings confirmed complete occlusion of the aneurysm and patency of parent arteries. Case 2# underwent microsurgical clipping for a ruptured, 1-mm AcoA aneurysm. Like Case 1#, the initial clipping attempt with the available shortest 4mm-fenestrated clip failed given the excessive length of the tips. The patient, thus, required clip modification as described above. The aneurysm was then clipped successfully using the modified-fenestrated clip, protecting bilateral A2s. Post-clipping imagings demonstrated patency of parent arteries with no residual aneurysm filling.

Clip modification seems to be an effective option in clipping the AcoA aneurysms when available clips are too long to secure them safely.

Keywords:
Anterior communicating artery
Clip modification
Fenestrated aneurysm clips
Microsurgical clipping
Resumen

Los aneurismas de la arteria comunicante anterior (AcoA) representan los aneurismas más complejos de la circulación anterior. Durante años, los desafíos quirúrgicos, incluida la anatomía intrincada y el corredor quirúrgico estrecho, se han superado utilizando técnicas complementarias que incluyen craneotomías extendidas, apertura amplia de las cisternas, resección de la circunvolución del recto y clips especiales como clips fenestrados. Sin embargo, las soluciones imaginativas, como la modificación del clip intraoperatorio, pueden ser inevitables en casos particulares para un clipado seguro.

Analizamos retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 2 pacientes que requirieron la modificación del clip en el intraoperatorio.

El caso n.° 1 se sometió a recorte microquirúrgico de un aneurisma AcoA de 4mm roto. Desafortunadamente, dada la corta distancia entre los dos A2, no fue posible clipar el aneurisma sin comprometer el A2 contralateral con el clip fenestrado de 3mm más corto disponible. Luego utilizamos la técnica de modificación del clip intraoperatoriamente acortando las puntas del clip con un cortador de placa de malla y alisando los extremos afilados restantes usando lijado con cauterización. Finalmente, el aneurisma se cortó con éxito con el clip fenestrado modificado. Las imágenes posteriores al recorte confirmaron la oclusión completa del aneurisma y la permeabilidad de las arterias originales. El caso n.° 2 se sometió a clipaje microquirúrgico por rotura de un aneurisma AcoA de 1mm. Al igual que el caso 1, el intento inicial de clipaje con el clip fenestrado de 4mm más corto disponible falló debido a la longitud excesiva de las puntas. El paciente, por lo tanto, requirió la modificación del clip como se describe anteriormente. Luego, el aneurisma se clipó con éxito usando el clip fenestrado modificado, protegiendo los A2 bilaterales. Las imágenes posteriores al clipaje demostraron la permeabilidad de las arterias originales sin relleno de aneurisma residual.

La modificación del clip parece ser una opción eficaz para recortar los aneurismas AcoA cuando los clips disponibles son demasiado largos para asegurarlos de manera segura.

Palabras clave:
Arteria comunicante anterior
Modificación de clip
Clips de aneurisma fenestrado
Clipaje microquirúrgico

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