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    "titulo" => "First illustrations of female “Neurosurgeons” in the fifteenth century by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu"
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        "titulo" => "Primeras ilustraciones de una mujer &#8220;Neurocirujano&#8221; en el siglo XV&#44; por Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu"
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        "titulo" => "Summary"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Males have dominated medicine for many centuries&#46; Females could not appear in the medical history equally till the end of the 18<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> century&#59; although they always have been in medicine as healers&#46; It is worth mentioning that first illustrations indicating female surgeons were found in the book written in Turkish by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu in the 15th century&#59; while Europe was newly waking up from its dark ages and Middle East was under the influence of strict rules of Arabic and Islamic culture&#46; Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu &#40;1385&#8211;1470&#41; was the author of the first illustrated surgical textbook Cerrahiyyetu&#8217;l-Haniyye &#40;Imperial surgery&#41; in Turkish Literature&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Inside miniatures drawn by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu indicated that the female surgeons&#44; acknowledged &#8220;Tabibe&#8221;&#44; had been allowed to practice alone in Anatolia&#46; Tabibes are illustrated in the miniatures practicing on the management of dead foetus with foetal hydrocephalus and macrocephalus which were the first clues by means of Turkish women in Neurosurgery&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los hombres han dominado la medicina durante muchos siglos&#46; Las mujeres no aparecen en la historia de la medicina hasta el final del siglo XVIII&#44; aunque siempre han estado en la medicina como curanderas&#46; Vale la pena mencionar que las primeras ilustraciones que indican la presencia de mujeres en la cirug&#237;a se encontraron en un libro escrito en turco por Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu en el siglo XV&#44; mientras Europa todav&#237;a despertaba de la oscuridad y el Oriente Medio estaba bajo la influencia de las estrictas reglas de la cultura Ar&#225;biga e Isl&#225;mica&#46; Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu &#40;1385&#8211;1470&#41; fue el autor del primer texto quir&#250;rgico ilustrado Cerrahiyyetu&#8217;l-Haniyye &#40;Cirug&#237;a Imperial&#41; en Literatura Turca&#46; Las miniaturas dibujadas por Sereffeddin Sabuncuoglu indicaban que las mujeres cirujanos&#44; conocidas como &#8220;Tabibe&#8221;&#44; estaban autorizadas para practicar s&#243;lo en Anatolia&#46; Se ilustra&#44; en miniaturas&#44; c&#243;mo las Tabibes actuaban en el tratamiento de fetos muertos con hidrocefalia y macrocefalia que fueron&#44; por supuesto&#44; los primeros datos de mujeres turcas en la Neurocirug&#237;a&#46;</p>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Bademci&#44; G&#46;&#58; First illustrations of female &#8220;Neurosurgeons&#8221; in the fifteenth century by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu&#46; Neurocirug&#237;a 2006&#59; 17&#58; 162&#8211;165&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 17. Núm. 2.
Páginas 162-165 (enero 2005)
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Vol. 17. Núm. 2.
Páginas 162-165 (enero 2005)
First illustrations of female “Neurosurgeons” in the fifteenth century by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu
Primeras ilustraciones de una mujer “Neurocirujano” en el siglo XV, por Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu
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G. Bademci
Faculty of Medicine. Department of Neurosurgery. Kirikkale. Turkey
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Summary

Males have dominated medicine for many centuries. Females could not appear in the medical history equally till the end of the 18th century; although they always have been in medicine as healers. It is worth mentioning that first illustrations indicating female surgeons were found in the book written in Turkish by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu in the 15th century; while Europe was newly waking up from its dark ages and Middle East was under the influence of strict rules of Arabic and Islamic culture. Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu (1385–1470) was the author of the first illustrated surgical textbook Cerrahiyyetu’l-Haniyye (Imperial surgery) in Turkish Literature.

Inside miniatures drawn by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu indicated that the female surgeons, acknowledged “Tabibe”, had been allowed to practice alone in Anatolia. Tabibes are illustrated in the miniatures practicing on the management of dead foetus with foetal hydrocephalus and macrocephalus which were the first clues by means of Turkish women in Neurosurgery.

Key words:
Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu
Medical history
Female surgeon
Cerrahiyyetu’l-Haniyye
Resumen

Los hombres han dominado la medicina durante muchos siglos. Las mujeres no aparecen en la historia de la medicina hasta el final del siglo XVIII, aunque siempre han estado en la medicina como curanderas. Vale la pena mencionar que las primeras ilustraciones que indican la presencia de mujeres en la cirugía se encontraron en un libro escrito en turco por Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu en el siglo XV, mientras Europa todavía despertaba de la oscuridad y el Oriente Medio estaba bajo la influencia de las estrictas reglas de la cultura Arábiga e Islámica. Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu (1385–1470) fue el autor del primer texto quirúrgico ilustrado Cerrahiyyetu’l-Haniyye (Cirugía Imperial) en Literatura Turca. Las miniaturas dibujadas por Sereffeddin Sabuncuoglu indicaban que las mujeres cirujanos, conocidas como “Tabibe”, estaban autorizadas para practicar sólo en Anatolia. Se ilustra, en miniaturas, cómo las Tabibes actuaban en el tratamiento de fetos muertos con hidrocefalia y macrocefalia que fueron, por supuesto, los primeros datos de mujeres turcas en la Neurocirugía.

Palabras clave:
Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu
Historia médica
Mujer cirujano
Cerrahiyyetu’ l-Haniyye

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