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Vol. 34. Issue 4.
Pages 208-212 (July - August 2023)
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Vol. 34. Issue 4.
Pages 208-212 (July - August 2023)
Case Report
Sinking bone flap due to overdrainage of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. A case report and review of the literature
Hundimiento de colgajo óseo por sobredrenaje de una derivación ventriculoperitoneal. Caso clínico y revisión de la literatura
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Raquel Gutiérrez-Gonzáleza,b,
Corresponding author
rgutierrezgonzalez@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, Frank Hamrea, Álvaro Zamarróna, Gregorio Rodríguez-Botoa,b
a Department of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, C/ Joaquin Rodrigo 2, 28222 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
b Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28019 Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Sunken bone flap cases reported in the literature.
Abstract

The widespread use of decompressive craniectomy and subsequent cranioplasty has led to a better understanding of its complications. However, cases of a sunken bone flap have hardly ever been described. We present the eighth case reported up to date and perform a review of the literature of this sporadic complication.

A 40-year-old Caucasian male suffered a traumatic brain injury that required a decompressive craniectomy. One month after initial trauma autologous cranioplasty was performed. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was also placed. Neurological status progressively improved but his therapist noted cognitive status decline 8 months later. Follow-up computed tomography showed a progressive sinking bone flap. The patient underwent bone flap removal and a custom-made calcium phosphate-based implant was inserted, leading to symptoms resolution.

Bone resorption has been described as the main cause of sinking bone flap following cranioplasty. This entity may manifest with symptoms of overdrainage in patients with cerebrospinal fluid shunt devices.

Keywords:
Cerebrospinal fluid
Decompressive craniectomy
Overdrainage
Sinking
Traumatic brain injury
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Resumen

El uso extendido de la craniectomía descompresiva y la consiguiente craneoplastia ha propiciado un mejor conocimiento de sus complicaciones. Sin embargo, esporádicamente se han descrito casos de hundimiento del colgajo óseo. Describimos el octavo caso descrito hasta la fecha y realizamos una revisión de la literatura de esta infrecuente complicación.

Un varón de 40 años sufrió un traumatismo craneoencefálico que requirió craniectomía descompresiva. Un mes después se sometió a la reposición de su colgajo óseo, junto con la implantación de una derivación ventriculoperitoneal. Presentó mejoría neurológica progresiva que se frenó y empeoró ocho meses después. La tomografía computarizada de control mostró hundimiento progresivo del colgajo óseo. El paciente se sometió a la retirada del colgajo óseo y cranioplastia con implante a medida, con resolución de los síntomas.

La resorción ósea se ha descrito como la principal causa del hundimiento del colgajo óseo tras cranioplastia. Sin embargo, esta entidad puede manifestarse como síntomas de sobredrenaje en pacientes con derivación de líquido cefalorraquídeo.

Palabras clave:
Líquido cefalorraquídeo
Craniectomía descompresiva
Sobredrenaje
Hundimiento
Traumatismo craneoencefálico
Derivación ventriculoperitoneal

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