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Vol. 17. Núm. 6.
Páginas 495-518 (enero 2005)
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Vol. 17. Núm. 6.
Páginas 495-518 (enero 2005)
Revisión del traumatismo craneoencefálico
Overview of nead injury
Visitas
31185
A. Bárcena-Orbe
, J.M. Cañizal-García, C. Mestre-Moreiro, J.C. Calvo- Pérez, A.F. Molina-Foncea, J. Casado-Gómez
Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Universitario Central de la Defensa. Madrid
C.A. Rodríguez-Arias*, B. Rivero-Martín**
* Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital General. Ciudad Real
** Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Niño Jesús. Madrid
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Resumen

En este artículo se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de los aspectos prácticos más destacables del manejo del traumatismo craneoencefálico en base a la literatura médica que hemos considerado relevante. El trabajo se ha desarrollado en diferentes apartados que comprenden la epidemiología, pronóstico y clasificación, anatomía patológica y fisiopatología, evaluación clínica y tratamiento. Se han tratado con especial énfasis las conexiones entre los rasgos fisiopatológicos con mayor grado de evidencia, de acuerdo con las guías de práctica clínica, y los esquemas de manejo terapéutico.

Palabras clave:
Traumatismo craneoencefálico
Daño axonal difuso
Metabolismo cerebral
Guías de práctica clínica
Infarto cerebral
Abreviaturas:
AVDL
AVDO2
BR
CEO2
cNOS
CSW
CTE
DAI
EVP
FSC
GPDH
HIC
iNOS
LOI
PAM
PtiO2
RLO
Summary

A systematic revision of the main practical aspects related with the head injury management has been made in this article on the basis of relevant literature. The paper has been developed in different sections consisting of epidemiological factors, prognosis and classification, neuropathology and pathophysiology, clinical evaluation and treatment. According to clinical guidelines, the connections between the pathophysiological features with higher evidence degree and the schemes of therapeutic approahes have been emphasized.

Key words:
Head injury
Diffuse axonal injury
Brain metabolism
Guidelines
Brain infarction

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