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Available online 19 December 2025
Failed back syndrome or extra-spinal sciatica? Ischiofemoral syndrome as a cause of persistent radicular pain after 4 lumbar spine surgeries
¿Síndrome de espalda fallida o ciática extrarraquídea? Síndrome isquiofemoral como causa de dolor radicular persistente tras cuatro cirugías de columna lumbar
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Andrés Barriga-Martína,c, Orlando Paredes-Muñózb, Miguel Peral-Alarmaa,c, Luis Maria Romero-Muñóza,c, Joint Halley Guimbard-Pérezc,d,
Corresponding author
jguimbardmdao@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Toledo, Spain
b Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Clínica Meds, Santiago de Chile, Chile
c Grupo de Investigación de Patología de Raquis, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Toledo, Spain
d Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Laboral Solimat, Toledo, Spain
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Abstract

Most cases of sciatica are caused by compression of lumbar nerve roots, although some originate from extraradicular structures, such as in ischiofemoral impingement syndrome. We present the case of a 64-year-old man with a 10-year history of right-sided sciatic pain occurring only while seated. He underwent several lumbar surgeries for spinal stenosis (L4-L5, then L3-L4, and later L5-S1 with fusion to S1), as well as multiple infiltrations and pulsed radiofrequency, without improvement. Neurophysiological and imaging studies showed no significant compression, except for oedema at the ischial insertion of the quadratus femoris muscle. A diagnostic local anaesthetic infiltration temporarily resolved the pain, confirming ischiofemoral impingement syndrome. He was treated with osteotomy of the lesser trochanter, achieving complete pain resolution and functional recovery. This case highlights the importance of considering extraradicular causes in patients with persistent sciatic pain after spinal surgery.

Keywords:
Sciatica
Low back pain
Ischiofemoral syndrome
Resumen

La mayoría de las ciáticas se deben a la compresión de raíces nerviosas lumbares, aunque algunas tienen origen extrarraquídeo, como en el síndrome de pinzamiento isquiofemoral. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 64 años con dolor ciático derecho de 10 años de evolución, exclusivamente al estar sentado. Fue sometido a múltiples cirugías por estenosis lumbar (L4-L5, luego L3-L4 y posteriormente L5-S1 con artrodesis hasta S1), además de infiltraciones y radiofrecuencia, sin mejoría. Las pruebas neurofisiológicas y de imagen no mostraron compresión significativa, salvo edema en la inserción isquiática del músculo cuadrado femoral. Tras una infiltración diagnóstica con anestésico local, el dolor desapareció temporalmente, confirmando el diagnóstico de síndrome isquiofemoral. Fue tratado mediante osteotomía del trocánter menor, con resolución completa del dolor y recuperación funcional. Este caso resalta la importancia de considerar causas extrarraquídeas en ciáticas persistentes tras cirugía vertebral.

Palabras clave:
Ciática
Dolor lumbar
Síndrome isquiofemoral

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