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Clinical Research
Uncorrected Proof. Available online 3 December 2025
Hydrostatic pressure mechanism and surgical efficacy of Tarlov cysts
Mecanismo de presión hidrostática y eficacia quirúrgica en los quistes de Tarlov
Jingyi Xiea, Shaoqi Zhangb, Songquan Wanga, Laizhao Chena,
Corresponding author
chenlaizhao@163.com

Corresponding author.
a Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, PR, China
b Department of Neurosurgery, 211 Nuclear Industry Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xianyang, PR, China
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Table 1. Patient characteristics and clinical findings in the study series. Characteristics and clinical manifestations of patients in the study cohort.
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Table 2. The pressure values of 10 TC patients before and after operation were compared. Comparison of pressure values before and after surgery in 10 patients with TCs.
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Table 3. The NRS scores of 26 patients with TC before and after surgery were compared. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative NRS scores in 26 patients with TC.
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Table 4. The M-JOA low-back pain scores of 26 patients with TC before and after surgery were compared. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative M-JOA low-back pain scores in 26 patients with TC.
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Abstract
Background

Tarlov cysts (TCs) are commonly found sacral perineural cysts. Symptomatic TCs are rare, and there is no consensus on optimal treatment. The pathophysiological mechanism of TCs remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of surgical intervention on symptomatic TCs and the development mechanism of TCs.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 26 patients with symptomatic TCs who underwent surgical treatment in our department between November 2016 and June 2019. Intraoperative manometry was performed in 10 of these patients. Pain relief and clinical outcomes were evaluated statistically.

Results

Postoperative symptoms improved in 25 patients (96.2%), while one patient (3.8%) showed no improvement. No wound infections or new complications were observed. Patients were followed for 5–49 months (mean: 28.04±12.57 months). There were statistically significant decreases (p<0.05) in the M-JOA low-back pain scores from preoperative (26.32±1.75) to postoperative (14.92±5.95) values, as well as a significant improvement (p<0.05) in the NRS pain scores from preoperative (2.02±1.46) to postoperative (6.23±1.20). Preoperative intracapsular pressure ranged from 3.1 to 12.4mmHg across different positions. Postoperative sacral canal pressure ranged from 0.1 to 0.8mmHg in various positions.

Conclusion

Cyst excision and perineurium reconstruction under a microscope is an effective and safe method for treating sacral radicular cysts.

Keywords:
Pressure
Tarlov cyst
Microsurgery treatment
Cauda equina nerve
Resumen
Antecedentes

Los quistes de Tarlov (QT) son quistes perineurales sacros relativamente frecuentes. Los QT sintomáticos son raros y no existe consenso sobre el tratamiento óptimo. El mecanismo fisiopatológico de los QT sigue siendo incierto. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar los efectos de la intervención quirúrgica en los QT sintomáticos y el mecanismo de desarrollo de los QT.

Métodos

Analizamos de forma retrospectiva los datos de 26 pacientes que presentaban quistes de Tarlov intervenidos quirúrgicamente entre noviembre de 2016 y junio de 2019. Se realizó manometría intraoperatoria en 10 de estos pacientes. Se evaluaron estadísticamente el alivio del dolor y los resultados clínicos.

Resultados

Los síntomas postoperatorios mejoraron en 25 pacientes (96,2%), mientras que un paciente (3,8%) no mostró mejoría. No se observaron infecciones en la herida ni nuevas complicaciones. Los pacientes fueron seguidos durante 5-49meses (media: 28,04±12,57meses). Se observaron disminuciones estadísticamente significativas (p<0,05) en las puntuaciones de dolor lumbar en el M-JOA desde los valores preoperatorios (26,32±1,75) hasta los postoperatorios (14,92±5,95), así como una mejora significativa (p<0,05) en las puntuaciones de dolor en la NRS desde los valores preoperatorios (2,02±1,46) hasta los postoperatorios (6,23±1,20). La presión intracapsular preoperatoria varió de 3,1 a 12,4mmHg en diferentes posiciones. La presión postoperatoria del canal sacro varió de 0,1 a 0,8mmHg en varias posiciones.

Conclusión

La excisión del quiste y la reconstrucción del perineurio bajo microscopio es un método eficaz y seguro para tratar los quistes radiculares sacros.

Palabras clave:
Presión
Quiste de Tarlov
Tratamiento microquirúrgico
Nervio de la cauda equina

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