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Case Report
Available online 15 July 2024
Intracranial hypertension secondary to unruptured pial arteriovenous malformation. Suitability of isolated endovascular treatment with ethylene vinyl alcohol/dimethyl sulfoxide (Onyx®). Case report and literature review
Hipertensión intracraneal secundaria a malformación arteriovenosa pial no rota. Idoneidad del tratamiento endovascular aislado con etilen vinil alcohol/dimetilsulfóxido (Onyx®). Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Fernando García Péreza,
Corresponding author
fegaperez@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, José María Narro Donatea, Félix Gallo Pinedab, José Masegosa Gonzáleza
a Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain
b Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain
Received 02 January 2024. Accepted 20 May 2024
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Table 1. Cases of unruptured, non-hydrocephalus-causing pAVMs whose initial clinical manifestation was IH. Literature review.
Abstract

A 36-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department with clinical symptoms of blurred vision of progressive onset of two years of evolution. The ophthalmological examination revealed the existence of bilateral papilledema. Using cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, the presence of a right occipital pial arteriovenous malformation was certified. Arteriographically, pial arterial contributions dependent on the right middle cerebral artery and the right posterior cerebral artery were identified. Venous drainage was located at the level of the superior sagittal sinus. An associated right transverse sinus stenosis was also identified. The existence of secondary intracranial hypertension was corroborated by monitoring with an intracranial pressure sensor. An interventional procedure was carried out consisting of embolization of the arterial supplies of the lesion using Onyx®. The clinical-radiological findings after the procedure were favorable: the papilledema disappeared and complete exclusion of the malformation was achieved. A new intracranial pressure measurement showed resolution of intracranial hypertension. Subsequent regulated radiological controls showed complete exclusion of the malformation up to 5 years later.

Keywords:
Intracranial hypertension
Unruptured pial arteriovenous malformation
Ethylene vinyl alcohol/dimethylsulfoxide
Onyx®
Resumen

Varón de 36 años de edad que acudió a servicio de Urgencias ante cuadro clínico de visión borrosa de instauración progresiva de dos años de evolución. El examen oftalmológico reveló la existencia de edema de papila bilateral. Mediante tomografía computerizada y resonancia magnética craneales se certificó la presencia de una malformación arteriovenosa pial occipital derecha. Arteriográficamente se identificaron aportes arteriales piales dependientes de la arteria cerebral media derecha y de la arteria cerebral posterior derecha. El drenaje venoso fue localizado a nivel del seno sagital superior. Se identificó así mismo una estenosis del seno trasverso derecho asociada. La existencia de hipertensión intracraneal secundaria fue corroborada mediante monitorización con sensor de presión intracraneal. Se llevó a cabo procedimiento intervencionista consistente en embolización de los aportes arteriales de la lesión mediante Onyx®. Los hallazgos clínico-radiológicos tras el procedimiento resultaron favorables: desapareció el edema de papila y se logró la exclusión completa de la malformación. Una nueva medida de presión intracraneal mostró la resolución de la hipertensión intracraneal. Los controles radiológicos reglados posteriores mostraron exclusión completa de la malformación hasta 5 años después.

Palabras clave:
Hipertensión intracraneal
Malformación arteriovenosa pial no rota
Etilen vinil alcohol/dimetilsulfóxido
Onyx®

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